Drawing or drafting mechanism



A. 'c. BUTLER. DRAWING-0R DRAFTING MECHANISM.

APPLlCATiON FILED DEC-8.1921- Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

Jill

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Fatentedmet. dl that.

l tll llt hRllHUM CFCH. BUTTER, or FUSTUN, FMSSMCHUSETTS.

DRAWING OF. DRMFTJENG- MECHANISM.

application filed December a, W21. serial No. states.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ARTHUR Cnem Burman, a subject of the King of Great Britam,

residing at Boston, in the county of Sufilolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful lrrrproyements in Drawing or Drafting Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention-has relationv to drawing or drafting mechanisms for fibrous materials such as may be employed in drawing or spin ning frames, and has for its object to'provide a mechanism by which the sliver or roving may be greatly attenuated and elongated without the formation of bunches or thin and thickspots. i

Ordinarily, whena sliver or roving is presented to the drawing rolls, the pairs of rolls, which are driven at increasing speeds from the rear to the front, are separated from each other far enough to accommodate fibers of the greatest length which occur in the roving, and it frequently occurs that bunchesof relatively short fibers are carried along with the longer fibers by the nip of the, rolls so as to form bunches in 'the resulting drawn sliver or roving.

The object of this invention is to provide means by which the fibers are properly presented to the rolls and the shorter fibers retarded more or less so as to prevent the formation of bunches and ensure the delivery of a sliver or roving which is substantially free from thin and thick spots.

On the accompanying drawing;-

' Figure 1 illustrates a drawing or draft" ingvmechanism embodying the invention.

igure 2 represents the instrumentalities located between two adjacent pairs of drawing rollsin the mechanism shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 represents another form of drawing mechanism embodying the invention.

Fig re 4 shows one of the capplates engaging an' intermediate roll such as emplo ed in the mechanism shown in Figure 3. Figure 5 shows conventionally a plurality of disks'whichmay be utilized with one of the grooved rolls in lieu of the cap plate.

; Referring more particularly to Figure 1,

- indicates-a roll stand which is rovi'ded with the three pairs of drawing ro ls .11 12,

13 14 and 15 16, which may take the usual formemployed in spinning or drawing frames. Thetop rolls 11, 13 and 15may be shod. with leather orother frictional material, andthe bottom rolls 12, 1t and 16 may be fluted as ordinarily. The lower rolls of the pairs may be driven as ordinarily except that they may be respectively rotated to secure a greater draft or attenuation of the roving or sliver than heretofore. Tn passing from one pair of rolls to the next forward pair, the sliver or'roving is elongated and attenuated. Any usual means may be employed for adjusting the pairs of rolls towards and from each other, and T have illustrated conventionally an adjustable bracket 17 mounted on the roll stand so that the rolls 13 and 14: may be adjusted towards or from the rolls 11 and 12. A similar bracket 18 may be utilized for supporting the rollslfi and 15 and for permitting their adjustment towards and from the rolls 13 and 14.. These parts are all shown more or less conventionaly, and l have not shown the usual weighted saddles or the means for maintaining the rolls 1-1, 13 and 15 in place, such parts forming no particular feature of the present invention. In Figure 1, I have illustrated one embodiment of the invention,

'which comprises a pair of members for en- -wh1ch pass over the bottom walls of the grooves. The journals at the ends of the roll 19 ma rest in appropriate bearings formed in t e bracket 18, in which the roll 16 is journaled, so that the rolls 19, 16 are adjusted simultaneously. For cooperation with the rolls 11 and 12, ll employ, in Figure 1, another pairof rotary members similar to those-shown in Figure 2, which are indicated res ectively at 23 and 2d, the shaft for the dis 24: being in this case indicated at 25. The journals at the end of the grooved roll 23 rest in bearings adorded by the bracket 17 in which the roll 14 is journaled. A sliver or roving, after passing the nip of the rolls 15, 16, passes between a disk 21 and the bottom of the groove of the roll 19 to the intermediate drawing rolls 13 and 14. The

lower roll 19' is preferably so driven that the be driven at a slightly higher speed. As the roving or sliver is gripped by the rolls 13 and 14, it is drawn forward and is elongated or attenuated, but the engagement of the disks 21 and the roll 19 with the sliver or roving prevents loose short fibers from being drawn along in bunches with the tips of the long fibers engaged by the rolls 13 and 14. The roving, however, is carried along by frictional contact of the disk and the bottom and side walls of the groove in the roll 19. The disks rest by gravity on the sliver or roving and serve to compress them in the groove 20 and also in conjunction with the side walls ofthe groove to condense and compact them. The groove thus serves to assist in concentrating the fibers of the roving and acts as a guide so that the fibers do not spread laterally and become detached after assing between the rolls in the rear thereof? a As a result of this construction. only the fibers actually seized by the drawing rolls in front of the grooved roll and the disks are drawn out, and consequently the short fibers are separated much more regularly than would be possible if they were permitted to be dragged along with the sliver or roving. The action of the'disks- 24 and the roll 23 is the same as that described in, connection with the disks 21 and the roll 19. In thisxcase, the disks rest by gravity on the sliver in the grooves of the roll 23. the latter roll preferably being driven so that the peripheral speed of the bottom wall of the groove therein is substantially equal to or slightly greater than the peripheral speed of the intermediate bottom roll 14.

It will be understood that the top disks are not weighted but rest lightly on the roving'with just suflicient pressure to compress the roving or sliver into the groove and permit the fibers to be drawn from under it by a pair of rolls immediately in front. Inasmuch as the disks and their cooperating grooved rolls are of 'small diameter, they may be set close to the pair of rolls immediately in front thereof.

It is not essential that the members, which cooperate with the grooved rolls, should of themselves be rotatable as they might have a sliding engagement with the grooved .rolls and the slivers which lie in the grooves thereof. In Figure 3, 1 have shown for example a construction in which, instead of employing three pairs of drawing rolls, I utilize the front and rear pairs but substitute for the intermediate pair a relatively large roll Y which is grooved circumferentially and with which non-rotary members are utilized to enter the grooves thereof and engage the slivers or rovings lying therein. In this case, the front rolls are indicated at 26 and 27, and the rear rolls are indicated at 28 a'hd 29. In this case, instead of employing leather-shod top rolls and fluted lower rolls,

the lower rolls 27 and 29 may be circumfersuch rooves and rest on the slivers or rovin s therein. In this case, however, the top roIls may be fluted or milled or they may be shod with some frictional material at will. Indeed in some cases the bottom walls of the grooves of the rolls 27, 29 may be fluted or milled. Between the two pairs of rolls 26, 27 and 28, 29, I interpose a relatively large roll 30 which is driven at a speed greater than that of roll 29 and less than that of roll 27. In fact, the three rolls 29, 30 and 27 are driven at the desired speeds relatively to each other to effect a long draft of the sliver or roving. Associated with the roll 30, there is a cap plate3l, the lower edge of which is arcuate andcomplemental to the curvature of the bottom wall of the groove 33 in the roll 30, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. This plate is illustrated as set edgewise so that it will enter the groove 33, and it is provided with arms 34 by which it may be hung on a suitable pivot. The plate rests loosely by gravity on the sliver or roving in the groove of the roll 30 and compresses it into the bottom of the groove, so that (while the roving or sliver is carried forward by frictional contact with the bottom of the groove and to some extent by the side walls of the groove,which together may have more hold upon it than the smooth edge of the plate 31, so that the tips of the fibers forming the end of the roving are fed to the-nip of the front rolls 26 and 27) the short fibers are retarded and separated so as to prevent bunches thereof from being drawn forwardly by the rolls 26 and 27. I also utilize, in connection with the intermediate roll 30, a preferably weighted disk roll which comprises a shaft 35 and disks 36 arran ed to enter the grooves of the roll 30 and rest loosely upon the slivers or rovings therein, and in such case the hooked ends of the arms 34 may engage the shaft 35 which thus serves as a pivot or pintle about which the plate 31 may move. Between the intermediate rolls 30, 36 and the rear rolls 28, 29, I may utilize a grooved roll 37 and a disk roll consisting of a shaft 38 and disks 39 thereon for entering the circumferential grooves of the coacting roll 37. In fact, these instrumentalities indicated at 37, 38 and 39 may be substantially like those indicated at 19, 21 and 22 as shown in F igure 2. Preferably the roll 37 is so driven that the peripheral speed of the bottom wall of its groove is approximately equal to or slightly greater than the peripheral speed of the bottom wall of the groove in the roll 29.

Instead of employing the cap plate 31 in cooperation with the roll 30, I may employ a plurality of small disk rolls 40, 41 and 42, as

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shown in lFire 5. 'lhese dish rolls, being all, may he placed fairly close together and all ol them enter the same groove in the roll 30 so as to rest hy gravity on the sliver or rovi therein.

Referring once more to Figure 3, l have shown more or less conventionally how the roll 30 y be journaled in a tilting lrame l3 pivogat M to the roll stand to. In this case, the lrame may be adjusted around its pivot by an abutment screw 46. The roll 29 may he moun on an adjustment hraclret l7 supported by the frame t3. lhave also indicated more or less conventionally in dotted lines at l8 a cap har such as may be utilized in holding the shafts for the disk rolls 28, 39 and 36 in proper relation to the bottom rolls associated.

A construction, such as illustrated in Figures 3 and 5, diilers from 1 that shown in Figure 1 in that in the latter the roving travels in substantially a straight line fromthe hip;

or the hack rolls 15, 16 to the nip oil the re s 13, ll, and therefrom to the nip of the rolls 11 and 12. ln Figures 3 and 5,

however, theintermediate roll '30 is so located in relerence to the rolls 216 and 27 and the rolls 3?, 39 (or the rolls 28, 29) that it projects beyond a straight lineiconnecting the nips of these rolls, and consequently the roving is caused to engage an elongated portion of the hottom of the groove in the roll 30 and thereby travel in an arcuate path. The engagement of the roving, not only with the hottom but also with the sides of the grooves, tends toretard the passage of the loose fibers with those longer fibers, the ends nth ' said vention d drihed a way ol Willi 7 which it ma he ma or allot usual h'aversil p of which are nipped by the rolls 26, 27.. In some instances, hyreason of this arrangement, l t; we able to dispense with any coacting memher to press upon theroving which lies in 1 i ln ee a usual are employed as in l 1, wherein the ier rolls are covered with friction t llll li l eontem late traversing'thc pairs of islr rolls transversely ol the is ily accomplished by 'reciproing the lower re 19, 23 aaily by means for the mechanism em loyed in drawi or spning lrames he axial movement oil the lowergrooved rolls ot it causes a' it reciprocation ol' the coasting dislr rolls, since the dislrs u l with the ooves ol the lower rollsa; i

- aving thus explained the nature ol y l ing d using the se, although without attempting to set lorth ol the to n at i use, w at l cla is l. d dwi mechanism -comprisi two fibers with the sliver or roving therein, an

sol drawing rolls the mod.

pairs of drawing rolls and means arranged between them to retard the passage of short fibers with the sliver or roving, said means including a roll having a circumferential groove to receive the sliver or roving, and a member engaging the groove and pressing against the sliver or roving therein 2. A drawing mechanism comprising two pairsot drawing rolls and means arranged between them to retard the passage of short roving, said means corn rising a driven roll having a circum- :lerential groove to receive the sliver or roving, and a non-driven member engaging the groove and roving therein. L

3. drawing mechanism comprising two pairs of drawing rolls and means arranged hetween them to-retard the passage of short fibers with the sliver or roving, said means comprising a roll having a circumferential groove, and a non-rotary arcuate member engaging said groove and pressing against the sleeve or roving in said groove.

4. A' drawing mechanism comprising a circumferentially grooved roll having its groove adapted to receive the roving or sliver, and a member engaging said groove and pressing against the sliver or roving therein.

5. A (lIdWlIl mechanism comprising a circumferentia y grooved roll having its groove adapted to sliver, a rotary groove and receive the roving or member engagin said PIBSSlIlf against the sliver or a non-rotary memher slidingly engaging said groove and the roving or sliver therein,

6. it drawing mechanism comprising a circumlerentially oved roll having its groove ap to 1 the roving or sliver, and a plurty ol members eh ensliver or roving therein;

l. d dra mechanism compris' 4 circumn y oov lower roll and a ol the travel oil the row i t r or sliver, and an intermediate roll locatedetween said p roove to or rolls and having a periphel rive the n 1"" said interment roll ing d to reject heyond a line con-- necting the nips ol said irs ol rolls, wherer r r a ml the groove path. r

l hereot l, have llll l in r a v bottom and sides g saidgroove and press ainst the.

pressing against the sliver or ltd Illh

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l 1 l n in an arcuate 

